The arrest of a suffragist in London, ca. 1913.
The arrest of a suffragist in London, ca. 1913. IRC, 2005 . Image. Discovery Education. Web. 6 November 2015. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. "Over London by Rail": housing for the poor, ca. 1872. The advent of rail transportation exacerbated the housing problem which had been created by a massive influx of people into the city. The railroads and their infrastructures ate up much valuable urban land, especially in the areas inhabited by the poor.
"Over London by Rail," housing for the poor. IRC, 2005 . Image. Discovery Education. Web. 6 November 2015. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. A "putter" or "trolley boy" dragging a car filled with coal through a tunnel in a Scottish mine about 1843. Child labor was used because of the narrow confines of the tunnel. The weight of the load varied from 200 to 650 pounds. The child was harnessed to the car by a chain linked to a leather belt worn around the waist.
Putter dragging a car filled with coal, 1843. IRC, 2005 . Image. Discovery Education. Web. 6 November 2015. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. Emigrants on a ship, 1902. From about 1871 to 1900, twenty-five million Europeans left the Europe for North and South America. They came largely from rural areas, pushed out by the agricultural depression, and lured by the high-pressure tactics of steamship company agents. Many Jews were fleeing from religious persecution in Russia.
Emigrants on a ship, 1902. IRC, 2005 . Image. Discovery Education. Web. 6 November 2015. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. An improved cast steel mold board plow. The growth of urban centers, and the establishment of industrial villages such as Pawtucket and Lowell, made it essential to improve American agriculture as well. Gentlemen farmers like Thomas Jefferson had been experimenting to develop more efficient plows since the Revolution. In 1813 and 1819, Jethro Wood filed patents for a cast-iron plow, and by 1820, farmers could purchase sturdy plows such as this one to turn over the soil more efficiently and increase yields.
An improved cast steel mold board plow. IRC, 2005 . Image. Discovery Education. Web. 6 November 2015. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. |